Reverse Time Migration (RTM)

Overview Library

Reverse-Time Migration (RTM) is an ultra high-end prestack two-way wave-equation migration for accurate imaging in and below areas with both great structural and velocity complexities, such as sedimentary areas with steep salt inclusions. RTM has a proven track record for generating final images and is increasingly used for refining structural boundaries during velocity model building.

RTM computes numerical solutions to the complete wave-equation. As such, it has no dip limitation and handles all complex waveform multi-pathing, including caustics and prismatic waves. Historically, RTM was deemed impractical due to high computational costs and a greater sensitivity to velocity and reflectivity parameters than the more established one-way downward-continuation methods. However, our massive parallel compute clusters, coupled with more accurate velocity model building workflows (e.g. using i2i), now make RTM a viable option in the imaging portfolio.

RTM has been extended to incorporate vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) and, recently, tilted transverse isotropy (TTI), and is fully compliant with the latest multi- wide- and full-azimuth geometries.

Dense Anisotropic (TTI) Angle Gathers from RTM for High-Fidelity Model Refinement

Related references

  • Fletcher, R., Fowler, P., Kichenside, P., Albertin, U. (2006):
    Suppressing unwanted internal reflections in prestack reverse-time migration. Geophysics, vol 71, no. 6, pp E79-E82.
  • Fletcher, R. F. Fowler, P. Kitchenside, P. Albertin, U:
    Suppressing artifacts in prestack reverse time migration, Extended Abstracts, 75th SEG Conference & Exhibition, November 2005.

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At a Glance

  • High-fidelity algorithm for imaging the most complex structures
  • No dip limitations. Images turning waves and prismatic waves
  • Handles vertical transverse isotropy (VTI)
  • Suited to marine wide-azimuth acquisition

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WesternGeco's Reverse Time Migration (RTM) accurately images steep dips in complex sub-salt areas as demonstrated on the BP 2004 velocity benchmark dataset.
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