Oil and gas field development is moving to new frontiers, including deeper waters offshore. Operators are also expected to make greater use of enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques, including seawater or controlled-salinity water injection.
Like injection pipelines, downhole tubing is usually unlined carbon steel and is highly susceptible to corrosion from oxygenated seawater. Therefore, removing the oxygen from seawater that is to be injected is essential for EOR operations.
Traditional processing equipment has included vacuum and gas-strip deaeration, which are bulky and have high input requirements. Recognizing the need for robust and compact, less resource-intensive solutions, we developed the CDX compact deoxygenation system.
This proprietary, self-contained, and lightweight seawater deoxygenation technology employs hydrogen and a catalyst to strip oxygen from seawater. The hydrogen is injected into the feedwater and passed over a catalyst bed, where the dissolved hydrogen reacts with oxygen to produce water for injection into the reservoir.
Using a chemical reaction process employing a catalyst has several advantages over a mass transfer process, which requires a packed tower.
CDX systems operate flooded at pressures of at least 4 bar above atmospheric pressure. This means dynamic motion performance issues and any antifoam requirements are eliminated, as could the need for booster pumps, depending on the application.
The only utility requirements for the CDX system are power and potable water. To safeguard the CDX system from inorganic and organic fouling, pretreatment of the seawater with a membrane separation process is required. The system can employ the Polymem UF seawater ultrafiltration system or our sulfate removal system.
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